Showing posts with label Geophyte. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Geophyte. Show all posts

Friday, August 20, 2010

Hobbs State Park / Conservation Management Area, Northwest Arkansas

Camassia scilloides
Back in April of this year Brian and I spent a week in the Eureka Springs area of northwestern Arkansas. We're planning a relocation there the first half of next year some time. This is prime Ozarks territory and the countryside is verdant, lush and green.

I picked up a hiking book at the local megabookstore during our day trip to Fayetteville and thumbed through it for a day or so. There were a couple hikes that were close to Eureka Springs: Lake Leatherwood and Shaddox Hollow Loop in the Hobbs State Park / Conservation Management Area. I've already blogged about Lake Leatherwood.
Camassia scilloides

The drive from Eureka Springs over to Shaddox Hollow took me through rolling green hills dotted with houses, farms, and the occasional light industry. I see a flash of pale blue go by to my right, on the north side of the road. A few u-turns later on the sleepy road I find a safe place to pull over. I get out of the car and walk back a dozen yards or so to find a spectacular mass bloom of Camassia scilloides. This is only the second species of Camassia I've seen, but I really love them. The pale blue heads of flowers evoke blue fireworks going off over the grass. An added bonus - the hillside is in the shadow of the morning sun and dew droplets are everywhere.
Trillium viridescens
I was very pleasantly surprised to find a robust and healthy colony of Trillium viridescens in the ditch itself! They were a little wind and insect damaged but were otherwise in great shape, with almost all plants in bloom.

Once I enter Hobbs State Park, the farms and houses disappear and the forest comes almost up to the side of the road. Along the shoulder were miles of Viola pedata, one of the showiest Viola I've ever seen! Upon reaching Shaddox Hollow I check in on the clipboard at the trailhead and head out. I didn't stay long - the entire area had undergone a controlled burn 4 weeks earlier. Burns of this nature are an integral part of maintaining a healthy forest but you have to visit them the next season, not 4 weeks, to see what a positive effect they have. After about 20 minutes and realizing the burn covered the entire area I headed back to the car.

Viola pedata
Arisaema atrorubens
On the drive in, I'd noticed a few other trailheads so I stopped at one of them on the way back: Van Winkle Hollow. The main attraction here is a restored lumber mill and attendant examples of life in the area during the mid-19th century. More interesting to me was a short wildflower trail right off the parking area. The trail was a short loop around the creek in the hollow. I noticed a controlled burn had happened here, too, but stopped short about 15 yards from the water's edge. A full crop of wildflowers was in bloom!
 I was greeted by a bright yellow clump of Senecio aureus along the water's edge at the start of the trail. Drifts of Polemonium reptans and Collinsia verna were along both sides of the trail. Then I spot Arisaema atrorubens. It was stunning! A surprisingly large flower, almost 2 feet tall, it really lives up to the Jack-in-the-Pulpit common name. This was quickly followed by another spectacular find, the miniature crested iris, Iris cristata.

Collinsia verna
As I continued down the trail, there were Vitis vines here and there, surprisingly little Japanese honeysuckle, but it was present. The American Dogwood, Cornus florida, were almost finished blooming but every so often one would be in perfect condition. I started seeing large patches of Podophyllum peltatum along with Phlox divaricata.

Iris cristata
Taking a detour up to the edge of the floodplain and up the gently sloping hillside i find a huge colony of Adiantum pedatum. The newly emerging fronds were captivating. Other species I noticed were Ribes missouriense, Viola pubescens, Hydrophyllum virginianum, and lots of Delphinium. One of the last things on the trail was a large Platanus occidentalis with a hole in the base of the trunk. The tree was leaning a bit but otherwise seemed perfectly fine. Nature!

Here are some additional shots from the day:
Adiantum pedatum
Polemonium reptans

Podophyllum peltatum

Ribes missouriense

Cornus florida

Sunday, August 15, 2010

San Benito County Geophytes

Allium crispum
In mid-May I set off for a day of wildflowering south of San Francisco. My destination was Panoche Road, a few miles to the northeast of Pinnacles National Monument, in San Benito County. It was prime geophyte season and I was looking forward to seeing what species were in bloom.

Panoche Road is about 2.5 hours south of San Francisco, reached via Hollister, a sleepy agricultural town south of San Jose. The day started off with threatening clouds and scattered light rain. Funny thing that rain. We had rain almost every weekend in May, which is a little unusual compared to the recent 3-4 years. The road runs through large ranches with the greatest diversity of flowers found all along the roadsides in the hilly sections.

Bloomeria crocea
My first stop yielded Allium crispum, Delphinium spp., Collinsia heterophylla by the thousands, Lupinus microcarpus var. densiflorus in heavy patches right up against the road, Castilleja subinclausa, the stupendous Clarkia breweri, Triteleia laxa, Dichelostemma capitatum, and Lomatium spp.

The local land use was mainly ranching but the road was nestled in hills so the flora diversity remained high. I honestly didn't see many cattle. There were stupendous displays of Calochortus luteus and C. venustus going up rocky Quercus-studded hillsides, out of reach behind a fence and No Trespassing sign.

Clarkia breweri
As I continued south on Panoche Rd I continued seeing Calochortus luteus, heavy in some places, along with large populations of Eriogonum fasciculatum. There was a small area where scattered plants of Castilleja exserta grew, exhibiting a robustness and size of growth I'd never seen before in this species. Brodiaea were out and I even encountered the uncommon Bloomeria crocea, growing at the base of a single-lane roadcut. Around this point Clarkia unguiculata really started making a robust showing right alongside the road. For many miles there were scattered colonies of Calochortus venustus, some with many flowering individuals close togther. Other species encountered were Cirsium occidentale, Penstemon heterophyllus, Ephedra sp., Castilleja spp., Lupinus spp., Delphinium spp.

The rain ended my day a few hours earlier than I'd wanted. The drive back always seems to take less time than the drive down and before I realized it, 2.5 hours was past and I was back navigating city streets in San Francisco.


Brodiaea
Calochortus luteus
Collinsia heterophylla
Calochortus venustus
Lupinus microcarpus var. densiflorus
Clarkia unguiculata
Penstemon heterophyllus
Delphinium parryi ssp. parryi

Saturday, August 14, 2010

Summertime on the Northern California Coast

Dudleya farinosa, growing along
cliffs at Pt. Reyes National Seashore
The spring bloom in California is world-renowned as one of the best natural floral displays on the Earth. Less known but just as interesting are our summer-blooming flowers, especially along the coast.

This summer I visited the Chimney Rock and Lighthouse Trail areas of Pt. Reyes National Seashore, Abbott's Lagoon at Pt. Reyes, and Bean Hollow and Pescadero State Beaches in San Mateo County. The rugged coast, with tidepools and crumbling cliffs make for a spectacular background to the flowers, appearing like colorful jewels sprinkled among the dry grasses of summer.

Castilleja affinis and Dudleya farinosa, Bean Hollow
State Beach, San Mateo County
Most people botanizing along the coast in the summer are looking for orchids. The most common coastal orchid is Piperia elegans and its various subspecies followed by Spiranthes romanzoffiana. However, orchids are not the showiest or most numerous. Other showy wildflower genera in bloom include Grindelia, Eriogonum, Dudleya, Monardella, Angelica, Agoseris, Orobanche, Camissonia, Castilleja, Cirsium, Madia.

My favorites are the orchids and the various Castilleja species.

Here is a sampling of what I saw on my walks:
Piperia elegans ssp. decurtata is a locally
endangered subspecies restricted to a
few sites in the southern part of
Pt. Reyes National Seashore
Orobanche californica ssp. californica - Chimney Rock,
Pt. Reyes National Seashore
Angelica hendersonii - Bean Hollow State
Beach, San Mateo County
Spiranthes romanzoffiana - - Bean Hollow
State Beach, San Mateo County

Oenothera elata - - Bean Hollow State Beach, San Mateo County

Castilleja ambigua - - Bean Hollow State
Beach, San Mateo County

Castilleja affinis - - Bean Hollow State Beach,
San Mateo County


Astragalus pycnostachyus var. pycnostachyus -
Pescadero State Beach, San Mateo County
Gentiana affinis var. ovata - Abbott's Lagoon,
Pt. Reyes National Seashore

Horkelia californica - Abbott's Lagoon,
Pt. Reyes National Seashore

Polygonum amphibium var. emersum - Abbott's Lagoon, Pt. Reyes National Seashore
Eriophyllum stoechadifolium - Abbott's Lagoon,
Pt. Reyes National Seashore

Mentha arvensis - Abbott's Lagoon,
Pt. Reyes National Seashore

Stachys chamissonis - Abbott's Lagoon,
Pt. Reyes National Seashore

Symphyotrichum chilense - Abbott's Lagoon,
Pt. Reyes National Seashore
Castilleja affinis - Pescadero State Beach,
San Mateo County
Navarretia squarrosa - Pescadero State Beach,
San Mateo County

Saturday, July 3, 2010

Mount Diablo State Park

Dichelostemma capitatum
Mount Diablo is my second-favorite open space featuring fabulous flowers in the immediate Bay Area. Located an hour's drive due east of San Francisco in Contra Costa County, the state park has about 20,000 acres that form the nucleus of an impressive collection of protected lands totaling over 90,000 acres.

The mountain is 3,864 feet high and stands alone, making it one of the most recognized and recognizable geographic features in the Bay Area and adjacent portions of the Central Valley. The views from the summit are spectacular in all directions. An elfin forest grows at the summit, with trees only a little taller than your average male hiker. Ceanothus cuneatus is a dominant species starting just above the middle of the moutain and reaching the summit. It grows thickly along the mountain's southern side and can produce a mass bloom in the spring that's breathtaking in appearance and almost overpowering in fragrance. A drive to the summit is heady and fragrant when the car windows are down.
Pinus sabiniana
 
The interaction of the Pacific and North American plates along coastal California is responsible for Diablo, along with the rest of the Coast Ranges. The mountain continues to grow several millimeters per year. Tectonic forces are also responsible for a rich variety of seemingly incongruous rocks and minerals on the mountain.

Diablo lies at range border for quite a few plants, producing an unusually high species richness. Prominent plant communities include mixed oak woodland, chaparral, and grassland. There is year-round water flowing from the mountain, particularly in Mitchell Canyon.

I first encountered my absolute favorite pine tree species on Diablo, Pinus sabiniana. The glaucous blue needles are instantly recognizable. It doesn't grow in dense stands, but as scattered individuals in chaparral and oak woodlands. And the cones! They're huge! The pine nuts are edible and were a source of food for the local Native Americans.
Ceanothus cuneatus

I've hiked three trails so far on Diablo - the Globe Lily Trail in Mitchell Canyon along the northern flanks of the mountain, the North Peak Trail near the summit on the southern flank, and the short loop trail directly below the summit. Each trail was filled with rich and interesting plant communities. The road to the summit along the southern flank can produce stunning displays of Eschscholzia californica and Ceanothus cuneatus.

Calochortus pulchellus
Diablo's signature flower is Calochortus pulchellus, a species of globe lily found only on Mount Diablo, primarily along the Globe Lily Trail in Mitchell Canyon. That trail also leads through a wonderful chaparral community dominated by Salvia mellifera and an almost pure white form of Eriodictyon californicum. Ericameria linearifolia grows alongside the trails in Mitchell Canyon and I wonder why that species isn't seen more in local gardens. I think it's just as beautiful as the shrub daisy from South Africa everyone grows.

Fritillaria affinis
I really enjoyed finding Fritillaria affinis and Ribes menziesii in a small pocket of woodland along the North Peak Trail. Further along in a grassland area were several delicate patches of Castilleja exserta, a favorite in the genus for me. There were even Cardamine californica in bloom! This is one of our first spring flowers but it was still blooming at ~3500 feet! Near the start of the trail we found lots of Arabis breweri on any boulder you stopped to investigate. We even found one of the rarest flowers in the Bay Area, Streptanthus hispidus, growing in gravel next to the trail.

I'll be back next year (if I'm still living here!) to see what more interesting things I can find!

Here are some additional photos from Mount Diablo:

Orobanche fasciculata
Allium serra
Phacelia breweri
Ribes menziesii